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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microbial Symbioses
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1450306
This article is part of the Research Topic Community Series in the Wildlife Gut Microbiome and Its Implication for Conservation Biology, Volume III View all 4 articles
Multi-Omics Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites Reveals Contrasting Profiles in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars across Urban Environments
Provisionally accepted- 1 Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- 2 School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- 3 Jiangsu Wildlife Protection Station, Nanjing, China
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health and metabolism. This study explores the differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between domestic pigs (DP) and wild boars (WB) in urban environments. We analyzed gut microbial composition, metabolic profiles, virome composition, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) in both DP and WB. Our results revealed that DP exhibited a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and were enriched in bacterial genera associated with domestication and modern feeding practices. Metabolomic analysis showed distinct profiles, with WB significantly enriched in the Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway, highlighting dietary and environmental influences on host metabolism. Additionally, DP had a distinct gut virome composition, particularly enriched in lytic phages of the Chaseviridae family. ARG analysis indicated a higher abundance of tetracycline resistance genes in DP, likely due to antibiotic use in pig farms. Furthermore, variations in HPB composition underscored potential health risks associated with contact with pig feces. These findings provide valuable insights into the microbial ecology of domestic pigs and wild boars, emphasizing the importance of these comparisons in identifying zoonotic pathogen transmission pathways and managing antibiotic resistance. Continued research in this area is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate public health risks and promote sustainable livestock management practices.
Keywords: wild boar, gut microbiome, Metablome, ARGS, Environmental contamination 37
Received: 17 Jun 2024; Accepted: 25 Jul 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Ding, Cui, Wang, Zhai, Wang and Zhu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xuan Wang, Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
Feifei Zhai, Jiangsu Wildlife Protection Station, Nanjing, China
Lei Wang, Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
Lifeng Zhu, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
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