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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microbial Symbioses
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1450306
This article is part of the Research Topic Community Series in the Wildlife Gut Microbiome and Its Implication for Conservation Biology, Volume III View all 4 articles

Multi-Omics Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites Reveals Contrasting Profiles in Domestic Pigs and Wild Boars across Urban Environments

Provisionally accepted
Jingjing Ding Jingjing Ding 1Xinyuan Cui Xinyuan Cui 2Xuan Wang Xuan Wang 1*Feifei Zhai Feifei Zhai 3*Lei Wang Lei Wang 1*Lifeng Zhu Lifeng Zhu 2*
  • 1 Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
  • 2 School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
  • 3 Jiangsu Wildlife Protection Station, Nanjing, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host health and metabolism. This study explores the differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between domestic pigs (DP) and wild boars (WB) in urban environments. We analyzed gut microbial composition, metabolic profiles, virome composition, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) in both DP and WB. Our results revealed that DP exhibited a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and were enriched in bacterial genera associated with domestication and modern feeding practices. Metabolomic analysis showed distinct profiles, with WB significantly enriched in the Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway, highlighting dietary and environmental influences on host metabolism. Additionally, DP had a distinct gut virome composition, particularly enriched in lytic phages of the Chaseviridae family. ARG analysis indicated a higher abundance of tetracycline resistance genes in DP, likely due to antibiotic use in pig farms. Furthermore, variations in HPB composition underscored potential health risks associated with contact with pig feces. These findings provide valuable insights into the microbial ecology of domestic pigs and wild boars, emphasizing the importance of these comparisons in identifying zoonotic pathogen transmission pathways and managing antibiotic resistance. Continued research in this area is essential for developing effective strategies to mitigate public health risks and promote sustainable livestock management practices.

    Keywords: wild boar, gut microbiome, Metablome, ARGS, Environmental contamination 37

    Received: 17 Jun 2024; Accepted: 25 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Ding, Cui, Wang, Zhai, Wang and Zhu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Xuan Wang, Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
    Feifei Zhai, Jiangsu Wildlife Protection Station, Nanjing, China
    Lei Wang, Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
    Lifeng Zhu, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.