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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microorganisms in Vertebrate Digestive Systems
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1442373

Mixed Bacillus subtilis and LactiplantiBacillus plantarum-fermented feed improves gut microbiota and immunity of Bamei pigletpigs

Provisionally accepted
Jun Chen Jun Chen 1Liyu Mou Liyu Mou 1Lei Wang Lei Wang 2*Guofang Wu Guofang Wu 2Ximei Dai Ximei Dai 3Qiufang Chen Qiufang Chen 3Jianbo Zhang Jianbo Zhang 2Xuan Luo Xuan Luo 2Fafang Xu Fafang Xu 4Miao Zhang Miao Zhang 1Yaoke Duan Yaoke Duan 1Huili Pang Huili Pang 1Yanping Wang Yanping Wang 1Yimin Cai Yimin Cai 1*Zhongfang Tan Zhongfang Tan 1*
  • 1 Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Green Agriculture Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
  • 2 Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
  • 3 Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
  • 4 Other, Huzhu, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Antibiotics are widely used in the breeding production of Bamei pigs, affecting the quality and safety of pork and causing enormous harm to human health, the environment, and public health. The use of probiotic fermented feed to replace antibiotic feed is one of the solutions, which has the potential to improve the intestinal microbiota, promote animal growth, and enhance immunity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fermented feed with Lactiplantibacillus (L.) plantarum QP28-1a or Bacillus (B.) subtilis QB8a on feed, growth performance, gut microbiota, and immunity of weaned piglets. A total of 60 freshly weaned pigspiglets from the Tibetan Plateau were randomly divided into five groups and fed basal feed, L. plantarum fermented feed, B. subtilis fermented feed, mixed fermented feed, and antibiotic fermented feed for 60 days, respectively. The results showed fermented feed supplemented with L. plantarum QP28-1a or B. subtilis QB8a significantly lowered the pH of the feed (P<0.05), produced lactic acid and acetic acid, inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria in the feed, and reduced the feed conversion rate was reduced in the group fed mixed fermented feed (P<0.05). The fermented feed increased the α-diversity and prominently altered the β-diversity of the intestinal microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as LactoBacillus Lactobacillus and Turicibacter and decreasing the relative abundance of conditional pathogens such as Streptococcus and Clostridium, improving the intestinal microbiota of the Bamei pigspiglets. Notably, the mixed fermented feed improved the immunity of Bamei pigspiglets by modulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory-related signaling pathways. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the increased expression of immunerelated cytokines may be associated with a significant enrichment of LactoBacillusLactobacillus,

    Keywords: Probiotics, Piglet, fermented feed, intestinal microbiota, Immunity

    Received: 03 Jun 2024; Accepted: 02 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Chen, Mou, Wang, Wu, Dai, Chen, Zhang, Luo, Xu, Zhang, Duan, Pang, Wang, Cai and Tan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Lei Wang, Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, China
    Yimin Cai, Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Green Agriculture Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
    Zhongfang Tan, Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Green Agriculture Bioengineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

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