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REVIEW article

Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microorganisms in Vertebrate Digestive Systems
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1426911

Possible immune mechanisms of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence and development of immune thrombocytopenia

Provisionally accepted
Gengda Zhu Gengda Zhu 1*Lixiang Yan Lixiang Yan 1Lijun Fang Lijun Fang 1,2Chenyang Fan Chenyang Fan 1Hui Sun Hui Sun 1Xinli Zhou Xinli Zhou 1Yucheng Zhang Yucheng Zhang 1Zhexin Shi Zhexin Shi 1
  • 1 National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai, China
  • 2 National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by increased platelet destruction and impaired production, leading to an elevated bleeding tendency. Recent studies have demonstrated an important link between the gut microbiota and the onset and progression of several immune diseases in humans, emphasizing that gut microbiota-derived metabolites play a nonnegligible role in autoimmune diseases. The gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, oxidized trimethylamine, tryptophan metabolites, secondary bile acids and lipopolysaccharides, can alter intestinal barrier permeability by modulating immune cell differentiation and cytokine secretion, which in turn affects the systemic immune function of the host. It is therefore reasonable to hypothesize that ecological dysregulation of the gut microbiota may be an entirely new factor in the triggering of ITP. This article reviews the potential immune-related mechanisms of the gut microbiota and representative metabolites in ITP, as well as the important influence of leaky gut on the development of ITP, with a view to enriching the theoretical system of ITP-related gut microecology and providing new ideas for the study of ITP.

    Keywords: Gut Microbiota, Metabolites, Pathogenesis, immune thrombocytopenia, intestinal barrier, leaky gut

    Received: 02 May 2024; Accepted: 26 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Zhu, Yan, Fang, Fan, Sun, Zhou, Zhang and Shi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Gengda Zhu, National Medical Research Center of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.