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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microorganisms in Vertebrate Digestive Systems
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1425218
This article is part of the Research Topic Unravelling the Unknown of the Rumen Microbiome: Implications for Animal Health, Productivity, and Beyond View all 7 articles

Effects of spent substrate of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on ruminal fermentation, microbial community and growth performance in Hu sheep

Provisionally accepted
Mu-Long Lu Mu-Long Lu 1Guo-Hong Yuan Guo-Hong Yuan 1*Halidai Rehemujiang Halidai Rehemujiang 1,2Chang-Chang Li Chang-Chang Li 1*Li-Hong Hu Li-Hong Hu 1*Ping-Ping Duan Ping-Ping Duan 1*Li-Dong Zhang Li-Dong Zhang 1*Qi-Yu Diao Qi-Yu Diao 3Kai-Dong Deng Kai-Dong Deng 4*Gui-Shan Xu Gui-Shan Xu 1,2*
  • 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science & Technology, Tarim University, Aral, Xinjiang Uyghur Region, China
  • 3 Institute of Feed Research/Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
  • 4 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Instiute of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Pleurotus Spent Mushroom Substrate (P.SMS) on the rumen microbiota, encompassing bacteria and fungi, as well as their interactions in Hu sheep. A total of forty-five 3-month-old Hu sheep were randomly assigned to five groups. Each group was fed diets in which whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) was substituted with P.SMS at varying levels: 0% (CON), 5% (PSMS5), 10% (PSMS10), 15% (PSMS15), or 20% (PSMS20). The results indicated that higher proportions of P.SMS during the experimental period might have a detrimental effect on feed utilization efficiency, kidney function, and blood oxygen-carrying capacity. Notably, moderate levels of P.SMS, specifically below 15%, were associated with improvements in rumen NH3-N levels and absorption capacity. The results indicated that (1) PSMS20 exhibited a significantly higher feed-to-gain ratio compared to CON (P < 0.05); (2) PSMS15 showed a significantly higher NH3-N content than CON, PSMS5, and PSMS20. Additionally, PSMS10 and PSMS20 had elevated concentrations of NH3-N compared to CON and PSMS5 (P < 0.05); (3) The length and width of rumen papillae were significantly greater in PSMS20 compared to CON and PSMS5 (P < 0.05); (4) Creatinine levels were significantly higher in PSMS20 than in CON, PSMS5, and PSMS10 (P < 0.05); (5) By the conclusion of the experiment, hemoglobin concentration in PSMS20 showed a significant increase compared to CON (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of P.SMS influenced microorganisms at both the phylum and genus levels: (1) At the phylum level, the prevalence of Patescibacteria was significantly lower in PSMS20 compared to the other groups; (2) PSMS15 exhibited significantly higher relative abundances of Basidiomycota compared to CON and PSMS10, while PSMS20 also demonstrated significantly higher relative abundances compared to CON (P < 0.05); (3) At the genus level, the prevalence of Candidatus_Saccharimonas in PSMS20 was significantly lower than in PSMS5, PSMS10, and PSMS15. Conversely, the prevalence of Phanerochaete in PSMS15 was notably higher than in CON and PSMS10, and it was also significantly elevated in PSMS20 compared to CON (P < 0.05); (4) Correlation analysis indicated no significant correlation between changes in the structure of bacterial and

    Keywords: White- rot fungi, Fungal pretreatment, Gossypol, Rumen microorganisms, Spent mushroom substrate

    Received: 30 Apr 2024; Accepted: 11 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Lu, Yuan, Rehemujiang, Li, Hu, Duan, Zhang, Diao, Deng and Xu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Guo-Hong Yuan, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
    Chang-Chang Li, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
    Li-Hong Hu, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
    Ping-Ping Duan, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
    Li-Dong Zhang, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
    Kai-Dong Deng, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jinling Instiute of Technology, Nanjing, 210038, Jiangsu Province, China
    Gui-Shan Xu, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China

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