AUTHOR=Liu Kuo , Zhang Yu-Zhou , Du Hua-Ying , Wang Zhi-Ying , Gu Pei-Wen , Liu Zhi-Hua , Yu Ze-Yang 

TITLE=Beneficial and biocontrol effects of Trichoderma atroviride, a dominant species in white birch rhizosphere soil

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1265435

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2023.1265435

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>White birch (<italic>Betula platyphylla</italic> Suk.) is a typical pioneer tree species that is important in forest restoration in northern China, Japan, and Korea. In the present study, 37 isolates were obtained from <italic>B. platyphylla</italic> rhizosphere soils in Heilongjiang Province; they were identified as <italic>T. pleuroticola</italic> (3 isolates), <italic>T. virens</italic> (2 isolates), <italic>T. hamatum</italic> (8 isolates), <italic>T. atroviride</italic> (21 isolates, dominant species) and <italic>T. asperelloides</italic> (3 isolates). Stress tolerance tests (salt, alkali, and nutritional stress that simulated saline alkali or barren soil) and confrontation assays (with four pathogens) were performed to determine which isolates had good biocontrol ability in barren soil; the results show that <italic>T. atroviride</italic> was outstanding. Then, in order to determine the effect of <italic>T. atroviride</italic> on plants and soil, <italic>Gynura cusimbua</italic> seeds were sown and treated with a <italic>T. atroviride</italic> spore suspension, as was unsown soil. The seedlings treated using <italic>T. atroviride</italic> had significantly greater height, stem diameter, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, and malonaldehyde (MDA) content and their catalase (CAT) activity was also significantly increased. In addition, when the plants were inoculated with <italic>Alternaria alternata</italic>, the plants treated using <italic>T. atroviride</italic> had stronger CAT activity, significantly higher soluble protein content and soluble sugar content, and significantly lower MDA content, which indicates stronger resistance and less injury caused by the pathogen. In addition, <italic>T. atroviride</italic> not only increased the content of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil, but also promoted <italic>G. cusimbua</italic> seedlings’ absorption of available nitrogen and available phosphorus. Thus, the characteristics of <italic>T. atroviride</italic> may make it the main factor that helps <italic>B. platyphylla</italic> colonise cut-over lands. <italic>T. atroviride</italic>, a promising biocontrol candidate, can be used in agriculture and forestry.</p>