AUTHOR=Zhang Xin-yu , Li Yu-ying , Huang Hai-xin , Zhao Chen-chen , Lei Xiao-xiao , Zhao Bao-peng , Lu Jing-yi , Lan Tian , Sun Wen-chao 

TITLE=Seneca Valley virus 3Cpro antagonizes host innate immune responses and programmed cell death

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1235620

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2023.1235620

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a member of the <italic>Picornaviridae</italic> family, may cause serious water blister diseases in pregnant sows and acute death in newborn piglets, which have resulted in economic losses in pig production. The 3C protease is a vital enzyme for SVV maturation and is capable of regulating protein cleavage and RNA replication of the virus. Additionally, this protease can impede the host’s innate immune response by targeting the interferon pathway’s principal factor and enhance virus replication by modulating the host’s RNA metabolism while simultaneously triggering programmed cell death. This article reviews recent studies on SVV 3C functions, which include viral replication promotion, cell apoptosis modulation and host immune response evasion, and provides a theoretical basis for research on preventing and controlling SVV infection.</p>