AUTHOR=Wei Shouchao , Mai Yingren , Hu Li , Zheng Ruxing , Zheng Dongming , Chen Wenrong , Cai Yan , Wang Junjun 

TITLE=Altered gut microbiota in temporal lobe epilepsy with anxiety disorders

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1165787

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2023.1165787

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Patients with epilepsy are particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of anxiety disorders. In particular, temporal lobe epilepsy with anxiety disorders (TLEA) has attracted more attention in epilepsy research. The link between intestinal dysbiosis and TLEA has not been established yet. To gain deeper insight into the link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and factors affecting TLEA, the composition of the gut microbiome, including bacteria and fungi, has been examined.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The gut microbiota from 51 temporal lobe epilepsy patients has been subjected to sequencing targeting 16S rDNA (Illumina MiSeq) and from 45 temporal lobe epilepsy patients targeting the ITS-1 region (through pyrosequencing). A differential analysis has been conducted on the gut microbiota from the phylum to the genus level.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>TLEA patients' gut bacteria and fungal microbiota exhibited distinct characteristics and diversity as evidenced by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). TLEA patients showed higher abundances of <italic>Escherichia</italic>-<italic>Shigella</italic> (genus), Enterobacterales (order), Enterobacteriaceae (family), Proteobacteria (phylum), Gammaproteobacteria (class), and lower abundances of Clostridia (class), Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae (family), Lachnospirales (order), and <italic>Ruminococcus</italic> (genus). Among fungi, <italic>Saccharomycetales fam</italic>. <italic>incertae sedis</italic> (family), <italic>Saccharomycetales</italic> (order), <italic>Saccharomycetes</italic> (class), and <italic>Ascomycota</italic> (phylum) were significantly more abundant in TLEA patients than in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy but without anxiety. Adoption and perception of seizure control significantly affected TLEA bacterial community structure, while yearly hospitalization frequency affected fungal community structures in TLEA patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Here, our study validated the gut microbiota dysbiosis of TLEA. Moreover, the pioneering study of bacterial and fungal microbiota profiles will help in understanding the course of TLEA and drive us toward preventing TLEA gut microbiota dysbiosis.</p></sec>