AUTHOR=Zhong Xinqin , Zhao Yucui , Huang Lu , Liu Jiarui , Wang Kaiyue , Gao Xiumei , Zhao Xin , Wang Xiaoying 

TITLE=Remodeling of the gut microbiome by Lactobacillus johnsonii alleviates the development of acute myocardial infarction

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1140498

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2023.1140498

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>The gut microbial community, which can be disturbed or repaired by changes in the internal environment, contributes to the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Gut probiotics play a role in microbiome remodeling and nutritional intervention post-AMI. A newly isolated <italic>Lactobacillus johnsonii</italic> strain EU03 has shown potential as a probiotic. Here, we investigated the cardioprotective function and mechanism of <italic>L. johnsonii</italic> through gut microbiome remodeling in AMI rats.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A rat model of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (LAD)-mediated AMI was assessed with echocardiography, histology, and serum cardiac biomarkers to evaluate the beneficial effects of <italic>L. johnsonii</italic>. The immunofluorescence analysis was utilized to visualize the intestinal barrier changes. Antibiotic administration model was used for assessing the gut commensals’ function in the improvement of cardiac function post-AMI. The underlying beneficial mechanism through <italic>L. johnsonii</italic> enrichment was further investigated by metagenomics and metabolomics analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A 28-day treatment with <italic>L. johnsonii</italic> protected cardiac function, delayed cardiac pathology, suppressed myocardial injury cytokines, and improved gut barrier integrity. The microbiome composition was reprogrammed by enhancing the abundance of <italic>L. johnsonii</italic>. Microbiome dysbiosis by antibiotics abrogated the improvement of cardiac function post-AMI by <italic>L. johnsonii</italic>. <italic>L. johnsonii</italic> enrichment caused remodeling of gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of <italic>Muribaculaceae</italic>, <italic>Lactobacillus</italic>, and decreasing <italic>Romboutsia</italic>, <italic>Clostridia</italic> UCG-014, which were correlated with cardiac traits and serum metabolic biomarkers 16,16-dimethyl-PGA2, and Lithocholate 3-O-glucuronide.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>These findings reveal that gut microbiome remodeling by <italic>L. johnsonii</italic> ameliorates the cardiac function post-AMI and might advance microbiome-targeted nutritional intervention.</p><fig position="float" id="g007"><label>Graphical Abstract</label><graphic xlink:href="fmicb-14-1140498-g007.tif" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" /></fig></sec>