AUTHOR=Gaspar-Castillo Carlos , Rodríguez Mario H. , Ortiz-Navarrete Vianney , Alpuche-Aranda Celia M. , Martinez-Barnetche Jesus 

TITLE=Structural and immunological basis of cross-reactivity between dengue and Zika infections: Implications in serosurveillance in endemic regions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1107496

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2023.1107496

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>Dengue and Zika are arthropod-borne viral diseases present in more than 100 countries around the world. In the past decade, Zika emerged causing widespread outbreaks in new regions, where dengue has been endemic-epidemic for a long period. The wide and extensive dissemination of the mosquito vectors, <italic>Aedes aegypti</italic>, and <italic>Ae. albopictus</italic>, favor the co-existence of both infections in the same regions. Together with an important proportion of asymptomatic infections, similar clinical manifestations, and a short time window for acute infection confirmatory tests, it is difficult to differentially estimate both dengue and Zika incidence and prevalence. DENV and ZIKV flavivirus share high structural similarity, inducing a cross-reactive immune response that leads to false positives in serological tests particularly in secondary infections. This results in overestimation of recent Zika outbreaks seroprevalence in dengue endemic regions. In this review, we address the biological basis underlying DENV and ZIKV structural homology; the structural and cellular basis of immunological cross reactivity; and the resulting difficulties in measuring dengue and Zika seroprevalence. Finally, we offer a perspective about the need for more research to improve serological tests performance.</p>