AUTHOR=Ren Xue , Chen Chunmei , Ye Yuxiu , Xu Ziying , Zhao Qingliang , Luo Xiaowei , Liu Yonghong , Guo Peng 

TITLE=Anti-inflammatory compounds from the mangrove endophytic fungus Amorosia sp. SCSIO 41026

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.976399

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.976399

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>Three new chlorinated compounds, including two propenylphenol derivatives, chlorophenol A and B (<bold>1</bold> and <bold>2</bold>), and one benzofuran derivative, chlorophenol C (<bold>3</bold>), together with 16 known compounds, were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus <italic>Amorosia</italic> sp. SCSIO 41026. 7-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-6,8-dihydroxy-3-methylisocoumarine (<bold>4</bold>) and 2,4-dichloro-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-toluene (<bold>5</bold>) were obtained as new natural products. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compounds <bold>1</bold>, <bold>4</bold>, <bold>7</bold>, <bold>9</bold>, <bold>13</bold>, <bold>15</bold>, <bold>16</bold>, and <bold>19</bold> possessed inhibitory effects against the excessive production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged RAW264.7 macrophages without obvious cytotoxicity. Moreover, 5-chloro-6-hydroxymellein (<bold>13</bold>) further alleviated the pathological lung injury of LPS-administrated mice and protected RAW264.7 macrophages against LPS-induced inflammation through PI3K/AKT pathway <italic>in vivo</italic>. Our research laid the foundation for the application of compound <bold>13</bold> as a potential anti-inflammatory candidate.</p>