AUTHOR=Wu Changrong , Sun Wentao , Huang Yuan , Dai Sheng , Peng Chao , Zheng Yulong , Chen Chao , Hao Jun 

TITLE=Effects of different additives on the bacterial community and fermentation mode of whole-plant paper mulberry silage

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.904193

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.904193

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of inoculation with two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains (<italic>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</italic> and <italic>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</italic>) and the addition of four corn flour proportions (0, 3, 6, and 9%) in different treatments, on the composition and function of the bacterial community in whole-plant paper mulberry silage. The different treatments promoted <italic>Lactiplantibacillus</italic>, <italic>Lentilactobacillus</italic>, and <italic>Lacticaseibacillus</italic> growth, but the microbial species responsible for fermentation differed among the treatments. High species diversity and various Gram-negative bacteria, such as <italic>Flavitalea</italic> sp., <italic>Pantoea agglomerans</italic>, <italic>Acinetobacter pittii</italic>, <italic>Turicibacter sanguinis</italic>, and <italic>Ralstonia pickettii</italic>, were found in the uninoculated LAB treatments. A beneficial bacterium, <italic>Lactobacillus johnsonii</italic>, was discovered for the first time in whole-plant paper mulberry silage. LAB inoculation simplifies the microbial community structure, and beneficial <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> as a key species aggregates in the inoculated treatment group. However, <italic>L. rhamnosus</italic> inoculation alone may have limited bacteriostatic activity against in whole-plant paper mulberry silage. Compared with silage lacking corn flour, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, galactose metabolism, the phosphotransferase system and the pentose phosphate pathway metabolic activity were increased in corn flour-containing silage. Whole-plant paper mulberry can be used as a high-quality silage to provide high-quality feed resources for sustainable ruminant livestock production. Moreover, additive use is necessary for preparing paper mulberry silage.</p>