AUTHOR=Yang Bijing , Liu Chunyan , Huang Yanna , Wu Qiwen , Xiong Yunxia , Yang Xuefen , Hu Shenglan , Jiang Zongyong , Wang Li , Yi Hongbo 

TITLE=The Responses of Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 or Antibiotic on Intestinal Barrier Function and Microbiota in the Cecum of Pigs

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.877297

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.877297

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>This study aimed to investigate responses of the <italic>Lactobacillus reuteri</italic> or an antibiotic on cecal microbiota and intestinal barrier function in different stages of pigs. A total of 144 weaned pigs (<italic>Duroc</italic> × <italic>Landrace</italic> × <italic>Yorkshire</italic>, 21 days of age) were randomly assigned to the control group (CON, fed with a basal diet), the antibiotic group (AO, fed with basal diet plus 100 mg/kg olaquindox and 75 mg/kg aureomycin), and the <italic>L. reuteri</italic> group (LR, fed with the basal diet + 5 × 10<sup>10</sup> CFU/kg <italic>L. reuteri</italic> LR1) throughout the 164-d experiment. A total of 45 cecal content samples (5 samples per group) from different periods (14th, 42th, and 164th days) were collected for 16S rRNA gene amplification. The results revealed that although LR and AO did not change the diversity of cecal microbiota in pigs, the abundance of some bacteria at the genus level was changed with age. The proportion of <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> was increased by LR in early life, whereas it was decreased by AO compared with the control group. The relative abundance of <italic>Ruminococcaceae</italic> was increased along with age. In addition, the gas chromatography results showed that age, not AO or LR, has significant effects on the concentrations of SCFAs in the cecum of pigs (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05). However, the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins <italic>zonula occluden-1</italic> (<italic>ZO-1</italic>) and <italic>occludin</italic> were increased by AO in the cecum of pigs on day 14, while LR increased the mRNA expression of intestinal barrier-related proteins <italic>ZO-1</italic>, <italic>occludin</italic>, <italic>mucin-1</italic>, <italic>mucin-2</italic>, <italic>PG1-5</italic>, and <italic>pBD2</italic> in the cecum of pigs on days 14 and 164 (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, LR and AO have different effects on the intestinal barrier function of the cecum, and neither LR nor AO damaged the intestinal barrier function of pig cecum. In addition, LR and AO have little effects on cecal microflora in different stages of the pigs. The microflora and their metabolite SCFAs were significantly changed along with age. These findings provide important information to understand the homeostasis of the cecum of pigs after antibiotic or probiotic treatment.</p>