AUTHOR=Hamad Doaa , El-Sayed Heba , Ahmed Wafaa , Sonbol Hana , Ramadan Mohammed Abdel Halim 

TITLE=GC-MS Analysis of Potentially Volatile Compounds of Pleurotus ostreatus Polar Extract: In vitro Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Immunomodulatory, and Antioxidant Activities

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.834525

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.834525

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>One strategy to manage resistant pathogens and develop potential anticancer drugs is the search for new, promising, and cost-effective medicinal benefits in the field of bioactive metabolites derived from mushrooms. In the current study, Egyptian cultivated <italic>Pleurotus ostreatus</italic> fruiting bodies polar extract was prepared to evaluate its antimicrobial activities as well as its cytotoxic effect on various cancer cell lines. The <italic>Pleurotus ostreatus</italic> polar extract (PoPE) was characterized by its phenolic and flavonoid content. The phenolics and flavonoids of PoPE were 6.94 and 0.15 mg/g, respectively. <italic>P. ostreatus</italic> polar extract showed potent antimicrobial activity against four pathogens, including <italic>Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus</italic>, <italic>Micrococcus luteus</italic>, and <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>. PoPE was found to inhibit <italic>Fusarium oxysporum</italic> (47%), <italic>Fusarium solani</italic> (28%) as well as <italic>Rhizoctonia solani</italic> (21%). PoPE was found to be 13 times more selective and toxic to MCF-7 cells than Vero normal cells, with the lowest IC50 value (4.5 μg/mL), so they were selected to examine the potential cytotoxic effects of PoPE. In MCF-7 cells, PoPE appeared to promote cell cycle arrest in the sub-G1 stage, as well as apoptosis. It significantly increased TNF-α production while decreasing IL-6 levels. PoPE’s total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxide, and glutathione reductase activity were recorded 0.14 ± 0.02 mM/L, 15.60 ± 0.015 nmol/mL, and 9.50 ± 1.30 U/L, respectively. The existence of different bioactive metabolites was investigated <italic>via</italic> GC-MS, which confirmed the presence of 15 compounds with well-known biological activity.</p>