AUTHOR=Tena-Garitaonaindia Mireia , Ceacero-Heras Diego , Montoro María Del Mar Maldonado , de Medina Fermín Sánchez , Martínez-Augustin Olga , Daddaoua Abdelali 

TITLE=A Standardized Extract of Lentinula edodes Cultured Mycelium Inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infectivity Mechanisms

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.814448

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.814448

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>The priority pathogen list of the World Health Organization classified <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> as the second top critical pathogen. Hence, the development of novel antibacterial strategies to tackle this bacterium is highly necessary. Herein we explore the potential antibacterial effect of a standardized extract of cultured mycelium of <italic>Lentinula edodes</italic> (AHCC<sup>®</sup>) on <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic>. AHCC<sup>®</sup> was found to inhibit the growth rate and biofilm formation of strain PAO1. No change in swarming was observed, but AHCC<sup>®</sup> hampered swimming and twitching motility. In accordance, a decreased expression of metabolism, growth, and biofilm formation genes was shown. AHCC<sup>®</sup> also diminished the levels of exotoxin A and bacteria inside IEC18 cells and the secretion of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF by infected macrophages. This effect was related to a reduced phosphorylation of MAPKs and to bacteria internalization. Taken together, our data suggest that AHCC<sup>®</sup> has a potential role to prevent <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic> infections and may lead to the development of new therapies.</p>