AUTHOR=Wages Jennifer A. , Dittoe Dana K. , Feye Kristina M. , Ricke Steven C. 

TITLE=Consequences of Implementing Neutralizing Buffered Peptone Water in Commercial Poultry Processing on the Microbiota of Whole Bird Carcass Rinses and the Subsequent Microbiological Analyses

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.813461

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.813461

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>In 2016, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) established guidelines which modified the Buffered Peptone Water (BPW) rinsate material to include additional compounds that would better neutralize residual processing aids and allow for better recovery of sublethal injured <italic>Salmonella</italic> spp. cells. While the added compounds improved the recovery of <italic>Salmonella</italic> spp., specific data to understand how the new rinse agent, neutralizing Buffered Peptone Water (nBPW), impacts the recovery of other microorganisms such as <italic>Campylobacter</italic> spp. and indicator microorganisms are lacking. Therefore, this study evaluated the impact of rinse solutions (BPW or nBPW) used in Whole Bird Carcass rinsate (WBCR) collections on the subsequent microbiome and downstream culturing methodologies. Carcasses exiting a finishing chiller were rinsed in 400 ml of BPW or nBPW. Resulting rinsates were analyzed for Enterobacteriaceae (EB), <italic>Salmonella</italic>, and <italic>Campylobacter</italic> spp. prevalence and total aerobic bacteria (APC) and EB load. The 16S rDNA of the rinsates and the matrices collected from applied microbiological analyses were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq<sup>®</sup>. Log<sub>10</sub>-transformed counts were analyzed in JMP 15 using ANOVA with means separated using Tukey’s HSD, and prevalence data were analyzed using Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> (<italic>P</italic> ≤ 0.05). Diversity and microbiota compositions (ANCOM) were analyzed in QIIME 2.2019.7 (<italic>P</italic> ≤ 0.05; <italic>Q</italic> ≤ 0.05). There was an effect of rinsate type on the APC load and <italic>Campylobacter</italic> spp. prevalence (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05), but not the quantity or prevalence of EB or <italic>Salmonella</italic> spp. prevalence. There were differences between the microbial diversity of the two rinsate types and downstream analyses (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, several taxa, including <italic>Streptococcus</italic>, <italic>Lactobacillus</italic>, <italic>Aeromonas</italic>, <italic>Acinetobacter</italic>, <italic>Clostridium</italic>, Enterococcaceae, Burkholderiaceae, and Staphylococcaceae, were differentially abundant in paired populations. Therefore, the rinse buffer used in a WBCR collection causes proportional shifts in the microbiota, which can lead to differences in results obtained from cultured microbial populations.</p>