AUTHOR=Elolimy Ahmed , Rosa Fernanda , Tripp Patricia , Zeineldin Mohamed , Bowlin Anne K. , Randolph Christopher , Robeson Michael S. , Yeruva Laxmi TITLE=Bacterial and Fungal Adaptations in Cecum and Distal Colon of Piglets Fed With Dairy-Based Milk Formula in Comparison With Human Milk JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.801854 DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.801854 ISSN=1664-302X ABSTRACT=
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended to newborns during the first 6 months of life, whereas dairy-based infant formula is an alternative nutrition source offered to infants. Several studies demonstrated that breastfed infants have a different gut bacterial composition relative to formula-fed infants. In addition, animal models have shown that human milk (HM)–fed piglets had a distinct intestinal bacterial composition compared with milk formula (MF)–fed piglets. However, the gut fungal composition and the interactions with the bacterial community in breastfed compared with formula-fed infants remain to be investigated. In an attempt to evaluate such differences, we used an animal model to perform a shotgun metagenomics analysis on the cecal and distal colon contents of neonatal piglets fed with pasteurized HM or a dairy-based infant formula (MF) during the first 21 days of life. At postnatal day 21 (PND 21), a subset of piglets from each diet group (