AUTHOR=Zhang Ling , Bai Junhong , Zhang Kegang , Wei Zhuoqun , Wang Yaqi , Liu Haizhu , Xiao Rong , Jorquera Milko A. 

TITLE=Characterizing bacterial communities in Phragmites australis rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere sediments under pressure of antibiotics in a shallow lake

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1092854

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.1092854

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Antibiotics are ubiquitous pollutants and widely found in aquatic ecosystems, which of rhizosphere sediment and rhizosphere bacterial communities had certain correlation. However, the response of bacterial communities in <italic>Phragmites australis</italic> rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere sediments to antibiotics stress is still poorly understood.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>To address this knowledge gap, the samples of rhizosphere (R) and non-rhizosphere (NR) sediments of <italic>P</italic>. <italic>australis</italic> were collected to investigate the differences of bacterial communities under the influence of antibiotics and key bacterial species and dominate environmental factors in Baiyangdian (BYD) Lake.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The results showed that the contents of norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and total antibiotics in rhizosphere sediments were significantly higher than that in non-rhizosphere sediments, meanwhile, bacterial communities in non-rhizosphere sediments had significantly higher diversity (Sobs, Shannon, Simpsoneven and PD) than those in rhizosphere sediments. Furthermore, total antibiotics and CIP were found to be the most important factors in bacterial diversity. The majority of the phyla in rhizosphere sediments were <italic>Firmicutes</italic>, <italic>Proteobacteria</italic> and <italic>Campilobacterota</italic>, while <italic>Proteobacteria</italic>, <italic>Chloroflexi</italic> was the most abundant phyla followed by <italic>Bacteroidota</italic>, <italic>Actinobacteriota</italic> in non-rhizosphere sediments. The dominate factors of shaping the bacterial communities in rhizosphere were total antibiotics, pH, sediment organic matter (SOM), and NH<sub>4</sub>-N, while dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NO<sub>3</sub>-N, pH, and water contents (WC) in non-rhizosphere sediments.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>It is suggested that antibiotics may have a substantial effect on bacterial communities in <italic>P</italic>. <italic>australis</italic> rhizosphere sediment, which showed potential risk for ARGs selection pressure and dissemination in shallow lake ecosystems.</p></sec>