AUTHOR=Lu Jing , Jin Xiao , Yang Shengjie , Li Yujuan , Wang Xinyue , Wu Min 

TITLE=Immune mechanism of gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034537

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034537

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with unusual changes in the human gut microbiota, most commonly coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, hypertension, and heart failure. Immune mechanisms maintain a dynamic balance between the gut microbiota and the host immune system. When one side changes and the balance is disrupted, different degrees of damage are inflicted on the host and a diseased state gradually develops over time. This review summarizes the immune mechanism of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the occurrence of common CVDs, discusses the relationship between gut-heart axis dysfunction and the progression of CVD, and lists the currently effective methods of regulating the gut microbiota for the treatment of CVDs.</p>