AUTHOR=Zhu Jiayuan , Li Xiaoya , Deng Na , Peng Xinxin , Tan Zhoujin 

TITLE=Diarrhea with deficiency kidney-yang syndrome caused by adenine combined with Folium senna was associated with gut mucosal microbiota

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1007609

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.1007609

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>The present study aims to study and analyze the characteristics of gut mucosal microbiota in diarrhea mice with deficiency kidney-yang syndrome. Ten male mice were randomly divided into the control group and the model group. Diarrhea mice model with deficiency kidney-yang syndrome was established by adenine combined with <italic>Folium sennae</italic>. The kidney structure was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Serum Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATP-ase and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Mg<sup>2+</sup>-ATP-ase were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The characteristics of gut mucosal microbiota were analyzed by performing third-generation high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the model mice exhibit obvious structural damage to the kidney. Serum Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATP-ase and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Mg<sup>2+</sup>-ATP-ase levels showed a decreased trend in the model group. The diversity and community structure of the gut mucosal microbiota improved in the model group. Dominant bacteria like <italic>Candidatus Arthromitus, Muribaculum</italic>, and <italic>Lactobacillus reuteri</italic> varied significantly at different taxonomic levels. The characteristic bacteria like <italic>Bacteroides, Erysipelatoclostridium, Anaerotignum, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium cocleatum, Bacteroides vulgatus</italic>, and <italic>Bacteroides sartorii</italic> were enriched in the model group. A correlation analysis described that <italic>Erysipelatoclostridium</italic> was positively correlated with Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATP-ase and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Mg<sup>2+</sup>-ATP-ase levels, while <italic>Anaerotignum</italic> exhibited an opposite trend. Together, adenine combined with <italic>Folium sennae</italic> damaged the structure of the kidney, affected energy metabolism, and caused disorders of gut mucosal microbiota in mice. <italic>Bacteroides, Erysipelatoclostridium</italic>, and <italic>Anaerotignum</italic> showed significant inhibition or promotion effects on energy metabolism. Besides, <italic>Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium cocleatum, Bacteroides vulgatus</italic>, and <italic>Bacteroides sartorii</italic> might be the characteristic species of gut mucosal microbiota responsible for causing diarrhea with deficiency kidney-yang syndrome.</p>