AUTHOR=Morga Benjamin , Jacquot Maude , Pelletier Camille , Chevignon Germain , Dégremont Lionel , Biétry Antoine , Pepin Jean-François , Heurtebise Serge , Escoubas Jean-Michel , Bean Tim P. , Rosani Umberto , Bai Chang-Ming , Renault Tristan , Lamy Jean-Baptiste TITLE=Genomic Diversity of the Ostreid Herpesvirus Type 1 Across Time and Location and Among Host Species JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.711377 DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2021.711377 ISSN=1664-302X ABSTRACT=
The mechanisms underlying virus emergence are rarely well understood, making the appearance of outbreaks largely unpredictable. This is particularly true for pathogens with low per-site mutation rates, such as DNA viruses, that do not exhibit a large amount of evolutionary change among genetic sequences sampled at different time points. However, whole-genome sequencing can reveal the accumulation of novel genetic variation between samples, promising to render most, if not all, microbial pathogens measurably evolving and suitable for analytical techniques derived from population genetic theory. Here, we aim to assess the measurability of evolution on epidemiological time scales of the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), a double stranded DNA virus of which a new variant, OsHV-1 μVar, emerged in France in 2008, spreading across Europe and causing dramatic economic and ecological damage. We performed phylogenetic analyses of heterochronous (