AUTHOR=Campestre Cristina , De Luca Viviana , Carradori Simone , Grande Rossella , Carginale Vincenzo , Scaloni Andrea , Supuran Claudiu T. , Capasso Clemente TITLE=Carbonic Anhydrases: New Perspectives on Protein Functional Role and Inhibition in Helicobacter pylori JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.629163 DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2021.629163 ISSN=1664-302X ABSTRACT=
Our understanding of the function of bacterial carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) has increased significantly in the last years. CAs are metalloenzymes able to modulate CO2, HCO3– and H+ concentration through their crucial role in catalysis of reversible CO2 hydration (CO2 + H2O ⇄ HCO3– + H+). In all living organisms, CA activity is linked to physiological processes, such as those related to the transport and supply of CO2 or HCO3–, pH homeostasis, secretion of electrolytes, biosynthetic processes and photosynthesis. These important processes cannot be ensured by the very low rate of the non-catalyzed reaction of CO2 hydration. It has been recently shown that CAs are important biomolecules for many bacteria involved in human infections, such as