AUTHOR=Silvano Eleonora , Yang Mingyu , Wolterink Mathias , Giebel Helge-Ansgar , Simon Meinhard , Scanlan David J. , Zhao Yanlin , Chen Yin
TITLE=Lipidomic Analysis of Roseobacters of the Pelagic RCA Cluster and Their Response to Phosphorus Limitation
JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology
VOLUME=11
YEAR=2020
URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.552135
DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2020.552135
ISSN=1664-302X
ABSTRACT=
The marine roseobacter-clade affiliated cluster (RCA) represents one of the most abundant groups of bacterioplankton in the global oceans, particularly in temperate and sub-polar regions. They play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of various elements and are important players in oceanic climate-active trace gas metabolism. In contrast to copiotrophic roseobacter counterparts such as Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3 and Phaeobacter sp. MED193, RCA bacteria are truly pelagic and have smaller genomes. We have previously shown that RCA bacteria do not appear to encode the PlcP-mediated lipid remodeling pathway, whereby marine heterotrophic bacteria remodel their membrane lipid composition in response to phosphorus (P) stress by substituting membrane glycerophospholipids with alternative glycolipids or betaine lipids. In this study, we report lipidomic analysis of six RCA isolates. In addition to the commonly found glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), RCA bacteria synthesize a relatively uncommon phospholipid, acylphosphatidylglycerol, which is not found in copiotrophic roseobacters. Instead, like the abundant SAR11 clade, RCA bacteria upregulate ornithine lipid biosynthesis in response to P stress, suggesting a key role of this aminolipid in the adaptation of marine heterotrophs to oceanic nutrient limitation.