AUTHOR=Patra Sushmita , Kerry Rout George , Maurya Ganesh Kumar , Panigrahi Bijayananda , Kumari Swati , Rout Jyoti Ranjan TITLE=Emerging Molecular Prospective of SARS-CoV-2: Feasible Nanotechnology Based Detection and Inhibition JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology VOLUME=11 YEAR=2020 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.02098 DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2020.02098 ISSN=1664-302X ABSTRACT=

The rapid dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 demonstrates how vulnerable it can make communities and is why it has attained the status of global pandemic. According to the estimation from Worldometer, the SARS-CoV-2 affected cases and deaths are exponentially increasing worldwide, marking the mortality rate as ∼3.8% with no probability of its cessation till now. Despite massive attempts and races among scientific communities in search of proper therapeutic options, the termination of this breakneck outbreak of COVID-19 has still not been made possible. Therefore, this review highlights the diverse molecular events induced by a viral infection, such as autophagy, unfolded protein response (UPR), and inflammasome, illustrating the intracellular cascades regulating viral replication inside the host cell. The SARS-CoV-2-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis are also emphasized in the review. Additionally, host’s immune response associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the genetic and epigenetic changes, have been demonstrated, which altogether impart a better understanding of its epidemiology. Considering the drawbacks of available diagnostics and medications, herein we have presented the most sensitive nano-based biosensors for the rapid detection of viral components. Moreover, conceptualizing the viral-induced molecular changes inside its target cells, nano-based antiviral systems have also been proposed in this review.