AUTHOR=Bueno Emilio , Pinedo Víctor , Cava Felipe 

TITLE=Adaptation of Vibrio cholerae to Hypoxic Environments

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00739

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2020.00739

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>Bacteria can colonize virtually any environment on Earth due to their remarkable capacity to detect and respond quickly and adequately to environmental stressors. <italic>Vibrio cholerae</italic> is a cosmopolitan bacterium that inhabits a vast range of environments. The <italic>V. cholerae</italic> life cycle comprises diverse environmental and infective stages. The bacterium is found in aquatic ecosystems both under free-living conditions or associated with a wide range of aquatic organisms, and some strains are also capable of causing epidemics in humans. In order to adapt between environments, <italic>V. cholerae</italic> possesses a versatile metabolism characterized by the rapid cross-regulation of energy-producing pathways. Low oxygen concentration is a key environmental factor that governs <italic>V. cholerae</italic> physiology. This article reviews the metabolic plasticity that enables <italic>V. cholerae</italic> to thrive on low oxygen concentrations and its role in environmental and host adaptation.</p>