AUTHOR=Zhao Lingna , Xia Min , Wang Keyu , Lai Chengcai , Fan Hongxia , Gu Hongjing , Yang Penghui , Wang Xiliang 

TITLE=A Long Non-coding RNA IVRPIE Promotes Host Antiviral Immune Responses Through Regulating Interferon β1 and ISG Expression

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00260

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2020.00260

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>Accumulating studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate multiple biological processes, including immune response. However, the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs regulating host antiviral immune response are not well elucidated. In this study, we report that analysis of the existing dataset transcriptome of blood immune cells of patients with influenza A virus (IAV) infection and after recovery (GSE108807) identified a novel lncRNA, termed as IVRPIE (<underline>I</underline>nhibiting IA<underline>V</underline><underline>R</underline>eplication by <underline>P</underline>romoting <underline>I</underline>FN and ISGs <underline>E</underline>xpression), was involved in antiviral innate immunity. <italic>In vitro</italic> studies showed that IVRPIE was significantly upregulated in A549 cells after IAV infection. Gain-and-loss of function experiments displayed that enforced IVRPIE expression significantly inhibited IAV replication in A549 cells. Conversely, silencing IVRPIE promoted IAV replication. Furthermore, IVRPIE positively regulates the transcription of interferon β1 and several critical interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including IRF1, IFIT1, IFIT3, Mx1, ISG15, and IFI44L, by affecting histone modification of these genes. In addition, hnRNP U was identified as an interaction partner for IVRPIE. Taken together, our findings suggested that a novel lncRNA IVRPIE is a critical regulator of host antiviral response.</p>