AUTHOR=Olivares Elodie , Badel-Berchoux Stéphanie , Provot Christian , Prévost Gilles , Bernardi Thierry , Jehl François 

TITLE=Clinical Impact of Antibiotics for the Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Infections

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02894

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2019.02894

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>Bacterial biofilms are highly recalcitrant to antibiotic therapies due to multiple tolerance mechanisms. The involvement of <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> in a wide range of biofilm-related infections often leads to treatment failures. Indeed, few current antimicrobial molecules are still effective on tolerant sessile cells. In contrast, studies increasingly showed that conventional antibiotics can, at low concentrations, induce a phenotype change in bacteria and consequently, the biofilm formation. Understanding the clinical effects of antimicrobials on biofilm establishment is essential to avoid the use of inappropriate treatments in the case of biofilm infections. This article reviews the current knowledge about bacterial growth within a biofilm and the preventive or inducer impact of standard antimicrobials on its formation by <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic>. The effect of antibiotics used to treat biofilms of other bacterial species, as <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> or <italic>Escherichia coli</italic>, was also briefly mentioned. Finally, it describes two <italic>in vitro</italic> devices which could potentially be used as antibiotic susceptibility testing for adherent bacteria.</p>