AUTHOR=Zhu Wanbo , Li Jingyang , Pappoe Faustina , Shen Jilong , Yu Li 

TITLE=Strategies Developed by Toxoplasma gondii to Survive in the Host

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00899

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2019.00899

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>One of the most successful intracellular parasites, <italic>Toxoplasma gondii</italic> has developed several strategies to avoid destruction by the host. These include approaches such as rapid and efficient cell invasion to avoid phagocytic engulfment, negative regulation of the canonical CD40-CD40L-mediated autophagy pathway, impairment of the noncanonical IFN-γ-dependent autophagy pathway, and modulation of host cell survival and death to obtain lifelong parasite survival. Different virulent strains have even evolved different ways to cope with and evade destruction by the host. This review aims to illustrate every aspect of the game between the host and <italic>Toxoplasma</italic> during the process of infection. A better understanding of all aspects of the battle between <italic>Toxoplasma</italic> and its hosts will be useful for the development of better strategies and drugs to control the parasite.</p>