AUTHOR=Lotfy Momen M. , Hassan Hossam M. , Mohammed Rabab , Hetta Mona , El-Gendy Ahmed O. , Rateb Mostafa E. , Zaki Mohamed A. , Gamaleldin Noha M. 

TITLE=Chemical Profiling and Biological Screening of Some River Nile Derived-Microorganisms

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00787

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2019.00787

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Aims</title><p>Chemical and biological studies of the River Nile derived-microorganisms are limited. Hence, this work was carried out to screen the River Nile habitat. Identification of the isolated organisms, chemical profiling of their ethyl acetate extracts as well as screening of their antimicrobial, antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal, and antimalarial activities were investigated.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Identification of the microbial isolates were carried out using bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Chemical profiling of the EtOAc extracts using LC-HRESIMS spectroscopy was carried out. The <italic>in vitro</italic> antimicrobial screening using the modified version of the CLSI method, antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activities were screened using <italic>Leishmania donovani</italic> promastigote assay, <italic>L. donovani</italic> axenic amastigote assay, <italic>Trypanosoma brucei</italic> trypamastigotes assay and THP1 toxicity assay. The <italic>in vitro</italic> antimalarial activities against D6 (chloroquine sensitive) and W2 (chloroquine-resistant) strains of <italic>Plasmodium falciparum</italic> were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Seven isolated microorganisms were identified as <italic>Streptomyces indiaensis, Bacillus safensis, B. anthracis, Bacillus</italic> sp., and <italic>Aspergillus awamori</italic>. Chemical investigation of different extracts showed several bioactive compounds, identified as; nigragillin, 5-caboxybenzofuran and dyramide B from <italic>A. awamori</italic> and actinopolysporin B from <italic>S. indiaensis</italic>. On the other hand many nitrogenous compounds with high molecular weights showed no hits that may correspond to new long chain and/or cyclic peptides. The EtOAc extract of <italic>B. safensis</italic> fermentation broth showed the highest activity against <italic>P. falciparum</italic> D6 and <italic>P. falciparum</italic> W2 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 25.94 and 27.28 μg/mL, respectively), while two isolates <italic>S. indiaensis</italic> and <italic>Bacillus</italic> sp. RN-011 extracts showed the highest antitrypanosomal activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.8 and 0.96 μg/mL).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The River Nile could be a new source for production of promising bioactive leading compound where antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities may be correlated.</p></sec>