AUTHOR=Zhang Lina , Fu Ying , Xiong Zhiying , Ma Yeben , Wei Yihuan , Qu Xiaoyun , Zhang Hongxia , Zhang Jianmin , Liao Ming 

TITLE=Highly Prevalent Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella From Chicken and Pork Meat at Retail Markets in Guangdong, China

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02104

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2018.02104

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, serotype distribution, and antibiotic resistance, and to characterize the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing <italic>Salmonella</italic> isolates from chicken and pork meats from retail markets in Guangdong province, China. A total of 903 retail meat samples (475 chicken and 428 pork meats) were obtained from six cities (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Heyuan, Shaoguan, Foshan, and Yunfu) of Guangdong province between May 2016 and April 2017. High levels of <italic>Salmonella</italic> contamination were detected in chicken (302/475, 63.6%) and pork (313/428, 73.1%). Thirty-eight serotypes were identified in 615 detected <italic>Salmonella</italic>, and the serotypes varied greatly between chicken and pork samples. Agona (55/302, 18.2%), Corvallis (45/302, 14.9%), Kentucky (38/302, 12.6%), Mbandaka (32/302, 10.6%) was the dominant serotypes in chicken samples. However, Typhimurium (78/313, 24.9%), Rissen (67/313, 24.1%), Derby (66/313, 21.1%), and London (48, 15.3%) were the most common in pork samples. High rates of antibiotic resistance were found to sulfisoxazole (468/615, 76.1%), tetracycline (463/615, 75.3%), ampicillin (295/615, 48.0%), and ofloxacin (275/615, 44.7%). Notably, antimicrobial susceptibility tests identified resistance to polymyxin B (12/615, 2.0%) and imipenem (3/615, 0.5%). Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was detected in <italic>Salmonella</italic> isolated from chicken (245/302, 81.1%) and pork (229/313, 73.2%). The resistance rate of different <italic>Salmonella</italic> serotypes varied widely. Especially, isolates such as Typhimurium, Agona, <italic>C</italic>orvallis and Kentucky exhibited highly resistance to antibiotics. The MDR rate of <italic>Salmonella</italic> isolates from chicken was significantly higher than that from pork isolates (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05). Twenty-one <italic>Salmonella</italic> isolates were identified as ESBLs-producing, covering six <italic>Salmonella</italic> serotypes and displaying different pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genotypes. <italic>Bla<sub>OXA-<italic>1</italic></sub></italic> was the dominant ESBLs gene (9/21, 42.9%), followed by <italic>bla<sub>CTX-M-<italic>55</italic></sub></italic> (5/21, 23.8%). This study indicated that <italic>Salmonella</italic> was widespread in chicken and pork from retail markets in Guangdong province and the isolates showed high multidrug-resistance, especially the known multidrug-resistant <italic>Salmonella</italic> serotypes. Therefore, it is important to focus on <italic>Salmonella</italic> serotypes and strengthen the long-term monitoring of MDR <italic>Salmonella</italic> serotypes in animal-derived foods.</p>