AUTHOR=García-Fernández Aurora , Dionisi Anna M. , Arena Sergio , Iglesias-Torrens Yaidelys , Carattoli Alessandra , Luzzi Ida 

TITLE=Human Campylobacteriosis in Italy: Emergence of Multi-Drug Resistance to Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, and Erythromycin

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01906

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2018.01906

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Campylobacter</italic> spp. is one of the main cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the world. The increase of antibiotic resistance in this species is a threat to public health. A <italic>Campylobacter</italic> spp. surveillance study was performed in Italy in the 2013–2016 period by the Enter-Net Italia network. The most prevalent <italic>Campylobacter</italic> species identified causing gastroenteritis was <italic>Campylobacter jejuni</italic> (73.4%) and 45% of all the annual cases of campylobacteriosis were reported in the summer period. High rates of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline resistance in <italic>Campylobacter</italic> spp. have been observed. An increasing percentage of <italic>Campylobacter coli</italic> strains simultaneously resistant to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and erythromycin has been found. Molecular mechanisms of resistance have been investigated and the role of efflux pumps evaluated. Antibiotic resistance in <italic>Campylobacter</italic> spp. is an increasing serious threat that requires coordinated action to minimize the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant strains from animals to humans throughout the food chain.</p>