AUTHOR=Zhang Huajun , Peng Yun , Zhang Su , Cai Guanjing , Li Yi , Yang Xujun , Yang Ke , Chen Zhangran , Zhang Jun , Wang Hui , Zheng Tianling , Zheng Wei 

TITLE=Algicidal Effects of Prodigiosin on the Harmful Algae Phaeocystis globosa

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2016

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00602

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2016.00602

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Phaeocystis globosa</italic> blooms can have negative effects on higher trophic levels in the marine ecosystem and consequently influence human activities. Strain KA22, identified as the bacterium <italic>Hahella</italic>, was isolated from coastal surface water and used to control <italic>P. globosa</italic> growth. A methanol extract from the bacterial cells showed strong algicidal activity. After purification, the compound showed a similar structure to prodigiosin when identified with Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The compound showed algicidal activity against <italic>P. globosa</italic> with a 50% Lethal Dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) of 2.24 μg/mL. The prodigiosin was stable under heat and acid environment, and it could be degraded under alkaline environment and natural light condition. The growth rates of strain KA22 was fast in 2216E medium and the content of prodigiosin in this medium was more than 70 μg/mL after 16 h incubation. The compound showed particularly strong algicidal activity against <italic>Prorocentrum donghaiense, P. Globosa</italic>, and <italic>Heterosigma akashiwo</italic>, but having little effect on three other phytoplankton species tested. The results of our research could increase our knowledge on harmful algal bloom control compound and lead to further study on the mechanisms of the lysis effect on harmful algae.</p>