ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Nephrology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1584049
The Serum Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Normoalbuminuric Diabetic Kidney Disease
Provisionally accepted
Haoran Mu1
Qilun Zhang2Wenyao Huang1Qiang Pan1
Yan Zhang3Yanyan Lu1Zhangxiang Zhu1Xu Jiang1
Guojuan Wang1Mao Zheng4
Li Chen1*- 1Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- 2Bengbu Third People's Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
- 3Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- 4Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Background To evaluate the potential of the serum uric acid to serum creatinine ratio (SUA/SCr) as a diagnostic biomarker for normoalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease (NADKD).We retrospectively analyzed demographic and biochemical data from 3101 type 2 diabetes patients. Patients were stratified into non-diabetic kidney disease (non-DKD), albuminuric diabetic kidney disease (ADKD), and NADKD groups according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER). We employed multivariate logistic regression analyses using a stepwise forward-LR method to develop a nomogram. Both area under the curve (AUC) from receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and calibration curves were employed to assess the predictive accuracy of the nomogram. A decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to assess the clinical utility of the nomogram.Results SUA/SCr, along with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), showed significant associations with NADKD, both pre-and post-propensity score matching (PSM). Seven variables were incorporated into the risk nomogram. The calibration plots indicated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes in both training and validation cohorts. The NADKD risk model demonstrated robust performance, as evidenced by the AUC from ROC analysis and DCA.Conclusion SUA/SCr is a significant and independent predictor of NADKD risk. The developed nomograms offer valuable tools for clinical decision-making, potentially enhancing diagnostic accuracy for NADKD in type 2 diabetes patients.
Keywords: Glomerular Filtration Rate, normoalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease, Serum uric acid creatinine ratio, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Urinary albumin creatinine ratio
Received: 26 Feb 2025; Accepted: 22 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Mu, Zhang, Huang, Pan, Zhang, Lu, Zhu, Jiang, Wang, Zheng and Chen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Li Chen, Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.