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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1569789
Incidence of subchorionic hematoma and contributing factors in assisted reproductive technologies -a retrospective cohort study
Provisionally accepted- 1Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Region, China
- 2Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Region, China
- 3The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
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To explore the incidence of subchorionic hematoma (SCH) in IVF-ET (In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, IVF-ET) fresh, IVF-FET (In vitro fertilization-freeze-thaw embryo transfer, IVF-FET), PGT-FET (preimplantation genetic testing-freeze-thaw embryo transfer, PGT-FET), AIH (artificial insemination by husband, AIH), and natural pregnancy (NP), and to analyze contributing factors.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients were included: IVF-fresh ET, IVF-FET, PGT-FET, AIH, and NP patient groups. The incidence of SCH in different ART and effect of SCH on pregnancy outcome were compared, Further, multivariate analyses of the occurrence of SCH were conducted.The incidence of SCH with IVF-fresh ET, IVF-FET, PGT-FET, AIH and NP was 27.50%, 22.56%, 16.86%, 12.95%, and 13.02% respectively. Compared with the incidences of SCH with AIH and NP that for IVF-fresh ET and IVF-FET transfer were significantly increased (P<0.05). The occurrence of SCH was not significantly associated with miscarriage and was significantly negatively correlated (P< 0.05) with high-quality embryos.The incidence of SCH in ET was increased compared with that in the Not ET groups, especially after fresh ET. ET unavoidably seems to contribute to the development of SCH; however, it does not affect the pregnancy outcome.
Keywords: subchorionic hematoma (SCH), In vitro fertilization (IVF), Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), Frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), miscarriage, Preterm Birth
Received: 01 Feb 2025; Accepted: 07 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wei, Qiu, Tang, Liang, Wu and Huang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Jinxiang Wu, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
Pinxiu Huang, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Region, China
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