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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Nephrology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1567128
Global trends and disparities in burden of heart failure caused by chronic kidney disease: analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Provisionally accepted- 1 Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- 2 Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang Province, China
Background Heart failure (HF) is a major public health concern, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) plays a significant role in its pathogenesis. Understanding the trends and disparities in the burden of HF caused by CKD can provide valuable insights for health policy-making.This study was a secondary analysis based on previously published data.We obtained global, regional, national, age-and sex-specific data on the prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of HF caused by CKD from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) and performed a secondary comparative analysis by age, sex, time, location, socio-demographic index (SDI) and health system level.In 2021, 1936.9 (95%UI: 1600.2-2343.5) thousand HF cases caused by CKD occurred globally, and the age-standardized rate of YLDs was 3.1 (95%UI: 1.9-4.4) per 100,000 population. The global burden of HF caused by CKD continuously increased from 1990 to 2021 and is expected to continue to grow to 2045 in prediction. Great disparities were found across different locations, genders and ages.Higher burdens were noted among males, older individuals, and regions with lower SDI or less advanced health systems.The burden of HF caused by CKD has increased significantly since 1990 and varies widely across regions. Greater efforts are needed in prevention and treatment of CKD and HF, especially among older individuals and males, in regions with lower SDI or less advanced health systems.
Keywords: Heart Failure, Chronic Kidney Disease, burden of disease, Years lived with disability, disparity 42 43
Received: 26 Jan 2025; Accepted: 25 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Ye, Huang and Xu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yufeng Xu, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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