ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Hematology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1566265
Prognostic Impact of Dynamic Changes of Type I Melanoma Antigen Gene Proteins CT7 (MAGE-C1/CT7) Transcripts in Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Agents
Provisionally accepted
Xuelin DouFengrong WangHuan Chen
Yao ChenLei Wen
Guo-Rui RuanYang Liu
Zhao Xiaosu
Xiao-Jun Huang
Robert Peter Gale
Jin Lu*- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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Type I melanoma antigen gene proteins CT7 (MAGE-C1/CT7), a cancer testis (CT) gene, correlated with clinical parameters at diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM). We first analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from public databases to evaluate the expression of MAGE-C1/CT7 in MM patients, and showed that MAGE-C1/CT7 is highly and specificly expressed in the MM cells. We then interrogated data from 216 consecutive cases with MAGE-C1/CT7 transcripts by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction longitudinally monitored in our center. The positive rate of MAGE-C1/CT7 at baseline was 87.3% with a median level of 4.46 (0.01-939.5) %. In univariate Cox regression analysis, peri-ASCT MAGE-C1/CT7 status showed better discriminatory ability in PFS and OS than peri-ASCT FCM status assessed by flow cytometry. In multivariate analysis, patients who were MAGE-C1/CT7-negative pre-and posttransplant had significantly better PFS compared with those who were positive in both determinations (HR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.80, P = 0.01). In 69 patients with informative samples, we found a 2-log decrease in MAGE-C1/CT7 transcript concentration after the second induction cycle correlated with achieving negative MAGE-C1/CT7-test result both pre-and post-transplant (OR = 6.08, 95% CI: 1.78, 20.74, P ＝ 0.004). Our data showed the predictive value of peri-ASCT frontline treatment. A 2-log decrease of MAGE-C1/CT7 post-induction cycle 2 compared to baseline correlated with a negative peri-ASCT MAGE-C1/CT7 status, providing an earlier prognostic marker of treatment response. * High-risk defined as del(17p), t(4;14) or t(14;16).& P-value denotes comparison between the negative and positive MAGE-C1/CT7 expression cohorts at baseline. Subjects with missing values were excluded.
Keywords: Multiple Myeloma, prognostic biomarker, MAGE-C1/CT7, cancer testis antigen genes, novel agents
Received: 24 Jan 2025; Accepted: 21 Apr 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Dou, Wang, Chen, Chen, Wen, Ruan, Liu, Xiaosu, Huang, Gale and Lu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jin Lu, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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