ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Med.

Sec. Ophthalmology

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1537848

This article is part of the Research TopicMyopia in Childhood and AdolescenceView all 10 articles

Exploring the influences of myopia in Xinjiang primary and secondary school students using propensity score matching

Provisionally accepted
Xiaopeng  HuXiaopeng Hu1,2Xianyan  YuanXianyan Yuan3Hua  LiHua Li4Haoxuan  GongHaoxuan Gong1Zhicong  FuZhicong Fu1Yuting  XieYuting Xie1Lin  ZhuLin Zhu1Haina  ChenHaina Chen1Yingli  YangYingli Yang1Dongsheng  RuiDongsheng Rui1,2*
  • 1School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
  • 2Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Region, China
  • 3Shihezi City Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shihezi, China
  • 4Kindergarten No. 5, Gaotai, zhangye, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

OBJECTIVE: Due to the high prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Shihezi City in recent years, this study was conducted to understand the prevalence and the factors influencing it, and to provide a scientific basis for future interventions to improve, protect, and promote the visual health of these students.The study population consisted of primary and secondary school students in Shihezi City. Stratified random sampling was employed for participant selection. Schools were first randomly chosen from both urban and rural areas of Shihezi City, followed by grade-level stratification within each selected school. Two classes per grade were randomly designated as sample classes. All students underwent vision screening. Students in Grade 4 and above completed questionnaires to investigate myopia-associated factors. To control for confounding effects, four variables-grade level, gender, urban/rural residence, and parental myopia status-were matched and analyzed using propensity score matching.A total of 6,732 individuals were surveyed in this study, with 6,092 ultimately included (participation rate: 90.49%), of whom boys represented 51.10%. The overall prevalence of myopia was 59.55%. The prevalence of myopia in urban areas was 68.17%, while in rural areas it was 42.42%, a difference that was statistically significant. Risk factors for myopia included being female, having myopic parents, engaging in close-distance reading or writing, sleeping less than 8 hours per night, and receiving education at an older age.Protective factors against myopia were attending school in a rural area, watching television from more than 3 meters away, and having received a vision examination at least once in the past year. CONCLUSION: Myopia rates in Shihezi City are higher than the national average and increase gradually with school age. In addition to inherent factors such as gender, receiving education at an older age, and genetic predisposition, myopia prevention strategies should include proper sitting posture, good eye habits, and health promotion measures.

Keywords: Myopia, Primary and middle school students, Risk factors, Cross-sectional study, Epidemoiology

Received: 01 Dec 2024; Accepted: 21 Mar 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Hu, Yuan, Li, Gong, Fu, Xie, Zhu, Chen, Yang and Rui. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Dongsheng Rui, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.