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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1534933
This article is part of the Research Topic Advancements in Diagnostic and Management Strategies for Gynecological Pathologies View all 13 articles
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AbstractObjective: To analyze the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of intravenous leiomyoma (IVL), a rare yet recurrent disease.Methods: This retrospective observational study enrolled 43 patients with pathologically confirmed IVL. Clinicopathological data were collected and reviewed. Univariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for IVL recurrence.Results: Clinical manifestations included increased menstrual flow (12/43), prolonged menstrual periods (18/43), pelvic mass (15/43), abdominal pain (8/43), or no symptoms (9/43). Histopathologically, tumor cells were predominantly located in the blood vessels of the uterine muscle wall and surrounding blood vessels. The tumor were composed of benign smooth muscle cells arranged in strips or bundles. Immunohistochemistry revealed that tumor cells were positive for SMA (43/43), Desmin (42/43), and Caldesmon (40/43). Incomplete resection of the lesions was identified as a risk factor for postoperative recurrence of IVL (P < 0.05). Age, menopause status, gravidity, parity, maximum diameter of IVL, uterine leiomyomas, involvement of uterine/extrauterine blood vessels, surgical methods, Ki-67 index, and mitotic figures were not associated with postoperative recurrence of IVL (P > 0.05).Conclusion: IVL is a rare form of leiomyoma with potential for malignancy. Complete resection of the lesion should be performed whenever possible to improve patient prognosis.
Keywords: Intravenous leiomyomatosis, Cervical tumor, Recurrence, histopathology, Immunohistochemistry
Received: 26 Nov 2024; Accepted: 27 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, huang, chen and Zeng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Jiezhen Li, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
xin chen, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
Qiang Zeng, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
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