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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Med.
Sec. Hepatobiliary Diseases
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1528613
This article is part of the Research Topic Addressing insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia for cardiovascular disease prevention View all 4 articles

Correlation between gallstones and fasting blood glucose to serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio among American adults

Provisionally accepted
Bo Wu Bo Wu 1Huachao Zheng Huachao Zheng 1Caixiang Zhuang Caixiang Zhuang 1Jiesheng Mao Jiesheng Mao 1Luo Yuncheng Luo Yuncheng 2Lidong Huang Lidong Huang 2Min Li Min Li 1Zhao Feiyang Zhao Feiyang 1Sisi Lin Sisi Lin 1Pengwei Wang Pengwei Wang 2Yiren Hu Yiren Hu 1*
  • 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
  • 2 Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Research indicates that the ratio of fasting blood glucose (FBG) to serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (GHR) can accurately predict many diseases. Nevertheless, the relationship between GHR and the risk of gallbladder stones remains unclear. This study investigates the possible relationship between GHR and the incidence of gallbladder stones.Methods: This research used information gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between March 2017 and March 2020. A calculation was made to determine the GHR by dividing the fasting blood glucose level by the HDL-C level. Several statistical methods, including analysis of threshold effects, smoothed curve fitting, multiple logistic regression modeling, and subgroup analysis, were utilized to investigate the connection between GHR and gallstones.Results: In 3898 U.S. adults, GHR was significantly positively associated with the prevalence of gallbladder stones. In a fully adjusted model, the incidence of gallbladder stones increased by 7% with each 1-unit increase in GHR (OR [95% Cl] = 1.07 [1.02, 1.14]). Compared with members in the low group, those in the high group had a 100% higher likelihood of getting gallbladder stones (OR [95% CI] = 2.00 [1.31, 3.04]), and this stabilizing connection was always present in the different subgroups. With the help of smooth curve fitting, the research also showed that there was a connection that was formed like an upside-down L shape between GHR and gallbladder stones. The analysis of the threshold effect revealed that the inflection point was 4.28.Conclusion: The results revealed an inverted L-shaped connection between GHR and gallbladder stones. Keeping GHR levels within a certain range is associated with a lower incidence of gallstones in the general population.

    Keywords: Gallstones, Fasting blood glucose, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, NHANES, diabetes

    Received: 15 Nov 2024; Accepted: 16 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Wu, Zheng, Zhuang, Mao, Yuncheng, Huang, Li, Feiyang, Lin, Wang and Hu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Yiren Hu, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China

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