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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Med.
Sec. Healthcare Professions Education
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1522830
This article is part of the Research Topic Navigating Complexity in Postgraduate/Graduate Health Professions Education: Innovative Pedagogical Approaches and Assessment Strategies View all 6 articles
Effectiveness of Gagné's 9 Events of Instruction in health professions education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Provisionally accepted- 1 Third People's Hospital of Honghe Prefecture, Gejiu, Yunnan, China
- 2 Dehong Vocational College, Dehong, China
- 3 Honghe Prefecture Yunnan Central Hospital, GeJiu, China
- 4 Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
This review assesses the effectiveness of Gagné's 9 Events of Instruction in improving theoretical scores and clinical practice abilities in medical education.This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two researchers conducted a comprehensive search of Chinese and English electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang). The participants included clinical medical students, nursing students, specialized medical students, and medical interns, among others related to healthcare. Educators used Gagné's 9 Events of Instruction to guide these populations in theoretical learning and/or daily clinical practice. The search was conducted from the inception of the databases to February 27, 2025. Two researchers independently identified, selected, and extracted data from the studies, assessed the quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and performed meta-analyses using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17.0.A total of 11 studies involving 825 participants were included in the meta-analysis, including 5 RCTs and 6 CSs. In the cumulative meta-analysis, compared with the traditional LBL model, Gagné's 9 Events of Instruction significantly improved learners' KES (SMD 1.55, 95% CI: 0.81 to 2.29; P < 0.00001), PS (SMD 1.83, 95%
Keywords: Gagné's 9 Events of Instruction, Gagné's Instructional Theory, Clinical Medicine, Health Professions Education, Medical students, Nursing education, traditional teaching, Meta-analysis
Received: 05 Nov 2024; Accepted: 24 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Liang, Li, Yu, Yang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xiao Li, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.