Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

Hussain Haider Shah ¹ Tooba Hussain ¹ Arun Subash ¹ Ramsha Abdul Qadir ² Yashika Rajesh Meshram ³ Maryam Shahzad ¹ Wania Sultan ¹ Zeenat Hadi ¹ Faiza Ashfaque ¹ Zahra Anas ¹ Sameer Abdul Rauf ^4* Radeyah Waseem ¹ Muhammad Sheheryar Hussain ¹ Muhammad Abdul Wasay Zuberi ¹

• ¹ Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Punjab, Pakistan
• ² Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, Punjab, Pakistan
• ³ Mahatma Gandhi Mission Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, India
• ⁴ Liaquat National Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan

ABSTRACT Introduction: Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn Syndrome (NFJS), also known as Naegeli Syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia characterized by mutations in the KRT14 gene. These mutations disrupt ectodermal tissue development, leading to diverse clinical manifestations involving the skin, nails, teeth, and sweat glands. Methodology: A systematic search across PubMed, Google Scholar, European PMC, and Cochrane databases was conducted up to August 2023. Only case reports, case series, and original articles reporting cases were included. Results: This review incorporated 6 case reports, 2 case series, 3 original articles, and 1 editorials, encompassing 33 individuals diagnosed with NFJS. Key clinical features included extensive reticulate hyperpigmentation, palmoplantar keratoderma, and dental anomalies. Rarely reported findings, such as cerebellar fissures and generalized osteopenia, were noted in two cases. Treatment predominantly focused on symptomatic management using topical emollients and antioxidants. Conclusion: NFJS remains a diagnostic challenge due to its rarity and overlap with other pigmentary disorders. This review consolidates current knowledge to aid clinicians in recognizing and managing NFJS. Further research is needed to clarify its pathogenesis and explore targeted treatments.