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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Med.
Sec. Infectious Diseases: Pathogenesis and Therapy
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1474236

Predictive Value of Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) for the Time to Negative Nucleic acid Conversion in Patients with Mild COVID-19 by the Omicron Wave

Provisionally accepted
Fanyu Yan Fanyu Yan 1*Ning Yang Ning Yang 2Jialu Zhuo Jialu Zhuo 2Ting Han Ting Han 2
  • 1 Fudan University, Shanghai, China
  • 2 Tongji University, Shanghai, Shanghai Municipality, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objective: Inflammatory indices are pivotal markers in gauging the harm of the COVID-19 trajectory. The definitive impact of inflammatory indices on forecasting the period required for a negative shift in nucleic acid status during the Omicron wave remains ambiguous. This research endeavors to delineate the relationship between the Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) and the timeline for conversion to negative nucleic acid status in Omicron variant-infected patients, and to scrutinize the prognostic validity of SII for such conversion.Adult patients hospitalized at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center with mild cases attributed to the Omicron variant were studied from March to December 2022.They were stratified into early-conversion ( with mild cases attributed to(>10 days) groups.Analyzing patient information, clinical traits, and laboratory results, we divided patients into two groups. We used logistic regression to find the link between SII and virus test timing and built ROC curves to measure predictive value via AUC.Results: A total of 2603 patients were enrolled. Univariate analysis found big differences in pulse rates, respiratory rates, prealbumin levels, HS-CRP levels, IL-6 levels, SII, and PNI (P < 0.05) between the groups. Adjusting for confounders, logistic regression revealed that the highest SII group had a 1.46 greater risk of not clearing a 10-day PCR test than the lowest group (OR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.173-1.817, P = 0.001). Each one-unit rise in SII raised the risk of 10-day PCR failure by 0.1% (P < 0.0001). The ROC curve showed SII's AUC as 0.603 (95% CI: 0.576-0.630), predicting virus test turn-around with a cut-off of 920.5, 61.9% specificity, and 52.5% sensitivity. Compared to other indicators such as IL-6 and HS-CRP, SII exhibited the highest AUC value and specificity.In mild cases caused by the Omicron wave, there was a discernible link between the SII and the period leading to a negative nucleic acid test outcome, with higher SII values indicating an increased risk of prolonged conversion time. SII might help guide treatment better than other indicators by predicting disease course.

    Keywords: COVID-19, Omicron variant, Nucleic Acid Negative Time, Systemic inflammatory index, AUC

    Received: 13 Aug 2024; Accepted: 31 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Yan, Yang, Zhuo and Han. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Fanyu Yan, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.