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CASE REPORT article

Front. Med.
Sec. Hematology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1433463

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Unusual bone marrow infiltration -Report of 2 cases in Ecuador

Provisionally accepted
Paulina Santana Paulina Santana 1,2Marlon Arias-Intriago Marlon Arias-Intriago 3Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy 3*
  • 1 Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
  • 2 Hospital Carlos Andrade Marin (HCAM), Quito, Ecuador
  • 3 University of the Americas, Quito, Ecuador

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a histiocytic neoplasm characterized by the abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells. Bone marrow (BM) involvement is associated with high-risk disease and poor survival. Although BM involvement is particularly uncommon, no reported cases of LCH with BM infiltration have been documented in Latin America until now.The aim of this report is to highlight the clinical, hematological, and BM findings of two cases of LCH with BM infiltration, providing insights that may aid in detecting suspected patients.We present two cases of LCH with BM infiltration. One case involved a 23-month-old male patient, and the other a 16-month-old female patient. Common clinical findings in both cases included hepatosplenomegaly and fever. Hematological findings revealed anemia in both cases. The key diagnostic tool was the BM biopsy, which revealed histiocyte nests with characteristic morphology, CD1a-positive cells, increased eosinophils, and reactive paratrabecular lymphocytes. This report underscores the significance of clinical profiles in predicting BM infiltration in LCH.The presence of histiocyte nests displaying the characteristic morphology of Langerhans cells, accompanied by an elevation in eosinophils, indicates bone marrow involvement.Furthermore, the demonstration of CD1a-positive cells through immunohistochemistry serves as a crucial diagnostic tool.

    Keywords: Bone Marrow, Histiocytes, Langerhans Cells, Latin America, Ecuador

    Received: 15 May 2024; Accepted: 04 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Santana, Arias-Intriago and Izquierdo-Condoy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy, University of the Americas, Quito, Ecuador

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