AUTHOR=Wei Chen , Ma Shaoyong , Wang Jingwen , Yang Na , Wang Dandan , Yuan Liping , Wang Yingying 

TITLE=The effectiveness of transnasal high flow nasal cannula in bronchoscopy under sedation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1428431

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2024.1428431

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Background</title><p>The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical application effects of transnasal high flow nasal cannula compared to other conventional modalities for oxygen therapy devices in patients undergoing bronchoscopy.</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in multiple English databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to collect relevant studies on the application of high flow nasal cannula in patients undergoing bronchoscopy, and conducted a meta-analysis utilizing RevMan 5.4 software, following the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>A total of 12 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included, involving 1,631 patients (HFNC group: <italic>n</italic> = 811, other oxygen therapy group: <italic>n</italic> = 820). The meta-analysis results demonstrated that HFNC significantly reduced the incidence of hypoxemia and improved the minimum oxygen saturation compared to conventional oxygen therapy (RR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.18–0.41, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.00001; MD = 6.09, 95% CI: 3.73–8.45, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.00001). Furthermore, HFNC showed statistically significant differences when compared to non-invasive ventilation in terms of hypoxemia incidence (RR = 3.52, 95% CI: 1.13–10.97, <italic>p</italic> = 0.03) and minimum oxygen saturation (MD = −1.97, 95% CI: −2.97-−0.98, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.0001). In addition, HFNC resulted in significantly shorter surgical time and higher PaO2 at the end of the procedure compared to conventional oxygen therapy (MD = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.66–2.40, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0006; MD = 15.52, 95% CI: 10.12–20.92, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.00001). However, there were no statistically significant differences observed in PaCO2, EtCO2, and MAP at the end of the procedure (MD = 1.23, 95% CI: −0.74-3.20, <italic>p</italic> = 0.22; MD = −0.35, 95% CI: −3.77-3.06, <italic>p</italic> = 0.84; MD = −0.54, 95% CI: −2.44-1.36, <italic>p</italic> = 0.58).</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>When HFNC or NIV is utilized during the examination and treatment of bronchoscopy patients, both oxygenation modalities enhance oxygenation function and reduce the incidence of hypoxemia compared to conventional oxygen therapy. HFNC can be regarded as a viable alternative to NIV for specific high-risk patients undergoing bronchoscopy. It decreases the duration of bronchoscopy and improves the PaO<sub>2</sub> levels at the end of the procedure, but does not significantly impact the PaCO<sub>2</sub>, EtCO<sub>2</sub>, and mean arterial pressure.</p></sec><sec id="sec40"><title>Systematic review registration</title><p><ext-link xlink:href="https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/" ext-link-type="uri" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/</ext-link>, identifier <email>1414374462@qq.com</email>.</p></sec>