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CASE REPORT article

Front. Med.
Sec. Nephrology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1419965
This article is part of the Research Topic Case Reports in Frontiers in Nephrology View all 8 articles

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a patient with polycystic kidney disease without underlying risk factors: A case report

Provisionally accepted
Yoomee Kang Yoomee Kang 1Tae Won Lee Tae Won Lee 1Eunjin Bae Eunjin Bae 1Ha Nee Jang Ha Nee Jang 2Sehyun Jung Sehyun Jung 2Seunghye Lee Seunghye Lee 2Se-Ho Chang Se-Ho Chang 2Dong Jun Park Dong Jun Park 1,3*
  • 1 Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, South Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
  • 2 Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
  • 3 Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is an extremely rare, chronic granulomatous inflammatory condition thought to arise secondary to a combination of obstruction, recurrent bacterial infection and an incomplete immune response although the etiology of XGP is more complex. We would like to report a case of XGP occurring in a patient with polycystic kidney disease (PCKD), which has not been previously documented in etiology. A 29-year-old woman presented to our hospital with right upper quadrant pain for 5 days. She had experienced a lowgrade fever, generalized weakness, and myalgia throughout her body for 2 weeks. She had no history of renal stones or recurrent UTIs. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed a well-enhancing large septated cystic mass in the right kidney and numerous cysts in the liver and both kidneys.Open right radical nephrectomy was performed due to the suspicion of renal cell carcinoma, as there was no response to antibiotics over 7 days. Gross specimen demonstrated architectural distortion due to xanthomatous nodules and a dilated pelvico-calyceal system filled with pus and blood. Microscopic examination revealed infiltration of neutrophils and lipid-laden macrophages. The patient is currently being followed up in the outpatient clinic without recurrence of XGP. This is the first reported case of XGP in a patient with underlying PCKD.Physicians should consider PCKD as a potential underlying cause of XGP.

    Keywords: xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, Fever, Abdominal Pain, renal mass

    Received: 19 Apr 2024; Accepted: 23 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Kang, Lee, Bae, Jang, Jung, Lee, Chang and Park. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Dong Jun Park, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea

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