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REVIEW article

Front. Med.
Sec. Pulmonary Medicine
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1356825
This article is part of the Research Topic Multiomic and Spatial-Omic Approaches for the Understanding of Pulmonary Fibrosis View all articles

Identification of oxidative stress-related diagnostic markers and immune infiltration features for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by bibliometrics and bioinformatics

Provisionally accepted
Chang Li Chang Li 1Qing An Qing An 1Yi Jin Yi Jin 1Zefei Jiang Zefei Jiang 2Meihe LI Meihe LI 3Xiaoling Wu Xiaoling Wu 4Huimin DANG Huimin DANG 4*
  • 1 Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
  • 2 Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
  • 3 The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
  • 4 Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) garners considerable attention due to its high fatality rate and profound impact on quality of life. Our study conducts a comprehensive literature review on IPF using bibliometric analysis to explore existing hot research topics, and identifies novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for IPF using bioinformatics analysis. Publications related to IPF from 2013 to 2023 were searched on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database.Data analysis and visualization were conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software primarily. The gene expression profiles GSE24206 and GSE53845 were employed as the training dataset. The GSE110147 dataset was employed as the validation dataset. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed genes related to oxidative stress (DEOSGs) between IPF and normal samples.Then, we conducted Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The hub genes were screened by protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and machine learning algorithms. The CIBERSORT was used to analyze the immune infiltration of 22 kinds of immune cells. Finally, we conducted the expression and validation of hub genes. The diagnostic efficacy of hub genes was evaluated by employing Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and the associations between hub genes and immune cells were analyzed. A total of 6500 articles were identified, and the annual number of articles exhibited an upward trend. The United States emerged as the leading contributor in terms of publication count, institutional affiliations, highly cited articles, and prolific authorship.According to co-occurrence analysis, oxidative stress and inflammation are hot topics in IPF research. A total of 1140 DEGs were identified, and 72 genes were classified as DEOSGs. By employing PPI network analysis and machine learning algorithms, PON2 and TLR4 were identified as hub genes. A total of 10 immune cells exhibited significant differences between IPF and normal samples. PON2 and TLR4, as oxidative stress-related genes, not only exhibit high diagnostic efficacy but also show close associations with immune cells. In summary, our study highlights oxidative stress and inflammation are hot topics in IPF research. Oxidative stress and immune cells play a vital role in the pathogenesis of IPF.....

    Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Immune infiltration, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Bibliometrics, bioinformatics

    Received: 16 Dec 2023; Accepted: 29 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Li, An, Jin, Jiang, LI, Wu and DANG. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Huimin DANG, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.