AUTHOR=Xing Huayi , Dai Hongyue , Li Baohua , Yuan Xiaoning , Liu Xiaoxuan , Cui Guoqing , Liu Nan , Biering-Sørensen Fin 

TITLE=Factors associated with urinary tract infection in the early phase after performing intermittent catheterization in individuals with spinal cord injury: a retrospective study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1257523

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2023.1257523

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Objectives</title><p>To investigate the occurrence rate of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the early phase after performing intermittent catheterization (IC) and to explore the possible factors associated with UTIs after performing IC among people with spinal cord injury (SCI).</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Setting</title><p>An inpatient rehabilitation department of a teaching hospital in China.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Design</title><p>Retrospective chart review.</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Methods</title><p>A retrospective chart review was carried out for traumatic and non-traumatic SCI patients after performing IC during their inpatient stay. Demographic information, comorbidity of diabetes, urine analysis results before IC, method of IC (sterile or clean), use of bladder irrigation, cessation of IC and its reasons, and UTI events were collected.</p></sec><sec id="sec5"><title>Results</title><p>A total of 183 adult individuals were included, of which 60 (32.8%) of them were women. The median age was 49.0 years. The median time post-injury was 2 months. The overall occurrence rate of UTI after performing IC was 1.31 (95% confidence intervals: 0.96–1.77) events per 100 days. Sixty-nine (37.7%) patients discontinued IC during hospitalization, and UTIs were the leading reason for cessation (50.7%). Female sex, use of antibiotics for infections other than UTI, and use of bladder irrigation were found to be associated with a lower occurrence rate of UTI in the early phase after performing IC, with an odds ratio of 0.38 (<italic>p</italic> = 0.019), 0.20 (<italic>p</italic> = 0.022), and 0.24 (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), respectively.</p></sec><sec id="sec6"><title>Conclusion</title><p>UTI after performing IC is prevalent among people with SCI. The study indicated that antibiotic prophylaxis and routine bladder irrigation might be associated with the reduction in UTI in the early phase after performing IC. Further research is needed to provide more evidence.</p></sec>