AUTHOR=Li Jiaye , Lu Ye , Deng Mingming , Tong Run , Zhang Qin , Bian Yiding , Miao Jinrui , Wang Zilin , Zhou Xiaoming , Hou Gang 

TITLE=Prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1187760

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2023.1187760

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Sarcopenia often occurs as a comorbidity in many diseases which ultimately affects patient prognosis. However, it has received little attention in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with IPF.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched using relevant MeSH terms until December 31, 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for quality assessment and data analysis were performed using Stata MP 17.0 (Texas, USA). A random effects model was adopted to account for differences between articles, and the <italic>I</italic><sup>2</sup> statistic was used to describe statistical heterogeneities. Overall pooled estimates obtained from a random effects model were estimated using the metan command. Forest plots were generated to graphically represent the data of the meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was used for count or continuous variables. Egger test was used to evaluate publication bias and, if publication bias was observed, the trim and fill method was used.</p></sec><sec><title>Main results</title><p>The search results showed 154 studies, and five studies (three cross-section and two cohort studies) with 477 participants were finally included. No significant heterogeneity was observed among studies included in the meta-analysis (<italic>I</italic><sup>2</sup> = 16.00%) and our study's publication bias is low (Egger test, <italic>p</italic> = 0.266). The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with IPF was 26% (95% CI, 0.22–0.31). The risk factors for sarcopenia in patients with IPF were age (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0131), BMI (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001), FVC% (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), FEV1% (<italic>p</italic> = 0.006), DLco% (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.001), and GAP score (<italic>p</italic> = 0.003).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The pooled prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with IPF was 26%. The risk factors for sarcopenia in IPF patients were age, BMI, FVC%, FEV1%, DLco%, and GAP score. It is important to identify these risk factors as early as possible to improve the life quality of patients with IPF.</p></sec>