AUTHOR=Maggiani-Aguilera Pablo , Chávez-Iñiguez Jonathan S. , Navarro-Blackaller Guillermo , Hernández-Morales Karla , Geraldo-Ozuna Ariadna Lizbeth , Alcantar-Villín Luz , Montoya-Montoya Olivia , Luquín-Arellano Víctor Hugo , García-García Guillermo 

TITLE=Portable sauna stimulated-diaphoresis for the treatment of fluid-overload in peritoneal dialysis patients: A pilot study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.887609

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2022.887609

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Fluid overload (FO) is a common problem in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD), it is associated with adverse outcomes and may persist despite adjustements in PD therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To evaluate the feasibility and safety of stimulated diaphoresis to reduce FO with the use of a portable sauna bath.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Open-label pilot study in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and FO. The primary outcome was the treatment-related adverse events; secondary outcomes were changes in over-hydration (OH), body weight and blood pressure, FO symptoms, and sleep quality. Dialysis prescription and daily data were recorded. The intervention period consisted in a 30-min, 45°C sauna bath, daily for 10 days, using a portable sauna bath.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Fifty-one out of 54 total sauna bath sessions were well tolerated. In three (5.5%) sessions adverse effects were reported: transient dizziness in two cases, and a second-degree skin burn in a patient with advanced diabetic neuropathy. OH (6.3 ± 1.2 L vs. 5.5 ± 1.3 L, <italic>p</italic> = 0.05), body weight (67.7 ± 11.4 vs. 66.8 ± 3.8 kg, <italic>p</italic> = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure (92 ± 13.5 vs. 83 ± 13.3 mmHg, <italic>P</italic> = 0.003) and PSQI score (7.3 ± 3.7 vs. 5.1 ± 3.2, <italic>p</italic> = 0.02) improved significantly between the control and intervention period, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Stimulated diaphoresis with a portable sauna bath could be a novel, safe, and effective alternative way to reduce FO in CAPD patients. Larger studies are needed to confirm our results.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical trial registration</title><p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://ClinicalTrials.gov" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ClinicalTrials.gov</ext-link>, identifier: NCT03563898.</p></sec>