AUTHOR=Zheng Qinxiang , Li Saiqing , Wen Feng , Lin Zhong , Feng Kemi , Sun Yexiang , Bao Jie , Weng Hongfei , Shen Peng , Lin Hongbo , Chen Wei TITLE=The Association Between Sleep Disorders and Incidence of Dry Eye Disease in Ningbo: Data From an Integrated Health Care Network JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine VOLUME=9 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.832851 DOI=10.3389/fmed.2022.832851 ISSN=2296-858X ABSTRACT=Purpose

To investigate the association between sleep disorders and dry eye disease (DED) in Ningbo, China.

Methods

Our data came from the Yinzhou Health Information System (HIS), including 257932 patients and was based on a 1:1 matching method (sleep disorder patients vs. patients without sleep disorders) during 2013–2020. Sleep disorders and DED were identified using ICD-10 codes. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify the association between sleep disorders and DED.

Results

The eight-year incidence of DED was significantly higher in participants with diagnosis of sleep disorders (sleep disorders: 50.66%, no sleep disorders: 16.48%, P < 0.01). Sleep disorders were positively associated with the diagnosis of DED (HR: 3.06, 95% CI: 2.99–3.13, P < 0.01), when sex, age, hypertension, diabetes and other systemic diseases were adjusted. In the sleep disorders patients, advancing age, female sex, and presence of coexisting disease (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, thyroid disease, depression, heart disease, and arthritis) were significantly associated with the development of DED by the multivariate cox regression analysis (all P < 0.05).In addition, there was a significantly positive association between estazolam and the incidence of DED in both sleep disorder and non-sleep disorder groups (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Sleep disrder was associated with a three-time increased risk of DED. This association can be helpful in effective management of both sleep disorders and DED.