AUTHOR=Shen Xudong , Chen Yan , Zhang Yangyang , Xia Kaiguo , Chen Yang , Hao Zongyao TITLE=The Association of Urine Creatinine With Kidney Stone Prevalence in US Adults: Data From NHANES 2009–2018 JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine VOLUME=9 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.819738 DOI=10.3389/fmed.2022.819738 ISSN=2296-858X ABSTRACT=Background

The primary objective of this project is to explore the association of urine creatinine (UCR) with the prevalence rate of kidney stones.

Method

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database was employed to conduct a cross-sectional study. The analysis samples included adults aged ≥20 years from five consecutive cycles of the NHANES 2009–2018. The association between UCR and kidney stones was detected using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Further, subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the subgroup effects.

Results

After adjustment for all confounders, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a weak positive relationship between UCR and kidney stone (OR = 1.015, 95% CI: 1.008–1.021). In the subgroup analysis stratified by sex, age, or race, the risk further increased in men (OR = 1.014, 95% CI: 1.005–1.023), women (OR = 1.015, 95% CI: 1.005–1.025), white race (OR = 1.022, 95% CI: 1.013–1.030), aged 40–59 years (OR = 1.017, 95% CI: 1.006–1.028), and aged 60–80 years (OR = 1.017, 95% CI: 1.006–1.028).

Conclusions

Our results confirmed a moderately increased risk of kidney stone formation attributed to high levels of UCR, especially in middle-aged and older adults and the white race. However, because of the cross-sectional design of the study, causal inferences cannot be made.